Research Review

Predictive Factors for Progression of Myopia

May 16, 2022

By Dwight Akerman, OD, MBA, FAAO, FBCLA, FIACLE

The aim of this clinical study was to investigate which baseline factors are predictive of success in controlling myopia progression in a group of 41 Caucasian children wearing CooperVision MiSight contact lenses. This study is part of the MiSight Assessment Study Spain (MASS) that was designed to assess the efficacy of MiSight contact lenses versus distance single-vision (SV) spectacles in myopic children.

Responders were classified as those with an axial length increase of <0.11 mm/per year (<0.22mm after two years of follow-up), while non-responders had axial length increases of ≥0.11 mm/per year (≥0.22mm after two years of follow-up.). A logistic regression analysis (LG) and a decision tree (DT) approach were used to screen for the factors influencing the success of the treatment.

After the first year of treatment, 20 (49%) children were classified as responders (axial length increase less than 0.11mm) and 21 (51%) as non-responders (axial length increase greater than or equal to 0.11mm). And after the second year, 16 children (39 %) were classified as responders, and 25 children (61 %) were non-responders.

Logistical regression analysis (LG) showed that the only factor associated with smaller axial length growth was more time spent outdoors (p=0.0079) in the first year of treatment. The decision tree analysis (DT) showed that in the “responders”  group spending more than three hours outdoors per week was associated with the best response in the first year and spending more than four hours in the second year of treatment.

The authors concluded that the LR analysis and DT approach identified time spent outdoors as the main factor in controlling axial eye growth in children treated with MiSight contact lenses. Despite the small study size, the data indicate that time spent outdoors is not just a risk factor for myopia onset but could also be important in controlling myopia progression while children are undergoing treatment.

Abstract

Predicting Factors for Progression of the Myopia in the MiSight Assessment Study Spain (MASS)

Francisco Luis Prieto-Garridoa, Jose Luis Hernández Verdejob, César Villa-Collarc, Alicia Ruiz-Pomedad

Purpose: To investigate which baseline factors are predictive of success in controlling myopia progression in a group of children wearing MiSight Contact Lens (CLs).

Methods: Myopic patients (n = 41) fitted with MiSight CLs and followed up for two years were included in this study. Bivariate analysis, a logistic regression analysis (LG), and a decision tree (DT) approach were used to screen for the factors influencing the success of the treatment. To assess the response, axial length (AL) changes were considered the main variable. Patients were classified based on a specific range of change in axial length at the end of each year of treatment as ‘‘responders’’ (R) (AL change <0.11 mm/per year) and ‘‘non-responders’’ (NR) (AL change ≥0.11 mm/per year).

Results: Of a total of 41 Caucasian patients treated with MiSight CLs, 21 and 16 were considered responders in the first and the second year of follow-up, respectively. LG analysis showed that the only factor associated with smaller axial length growth was more time spent outdoors (p = 0.0079) in the first year of treatment. The decision tree analysis showed that in the responding group spending more than 3 and 4 h outdoors per week was associated with the best response in the first year and the second year of treatment, respectively.

Conclusions: The LR and the DT approach of this pilot study identifies time spent outdoors as the main factor in controlling axial eye growth in children treated with MiSight CLs.

Prieto-Garrido, F. L., Verdejo, J. L. H., Villa-Collar, C., & Ruiz-Pomeda, A. (2022). Predicting factors for progression of the myopia in the MiSight assessment study Spain (MASS). Journal of Optometry, 15(1), 78-87.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optom.2020.11.003

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